EE8114 - Optical Communication Systems and Networks

The objective of the course is to provide a comprehensive understanding of optical communication systems and basic networks. The course covers both guided wave propagation along single/multimode optical fibers and unguided propagation resulting in optical wireless communications, including Visible Light Communications (VLC). Various challenges of VLC and Fiber Optic Networks for IOT systems will be discussed. We start with basics of light waves and their propagation. We then cover optical sources and their modulation techniques; optical receivers and the optimization of SNR under different operating conditions. Then we will study basic design calculations for point-to-point fiber optic links and, star, bus and ring topology networks. Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) networks, Synchronous Optical Networks (SONET) and Passive Optical Networks (PON) will also be studied. Then we will look into the design aspects of radio over fiber (ROF) networks.

Prerequisites / co-requisites Not applicable

Date, Time and Location of Course Tuesdays 6:00PM - 9:00PM via remote teaching over Zoom and D2L

1.           Instructor Information

Instructor: Xavier N. Fernando, Office: ENG-437, Phone: 416-979-5000 ext. 556077, E-mail: fernando at ryerson.ca,

Counseling: Via email, phone or D2L discussion

Course website http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~courses/ee8114/

2.           Course information

This course is designed to provide a good understanding optical communication systems and networks.

2.1         Course Summary

The course covers both guided wave propagation along single/multimode optical fibers and unguided propagation resulting in optical wireless communications.

2.2                Course objectives and intended learning outcomes

At the end of this course, students will be able to:

1.       Calculate propagations constants, group and phase velocities of light waves in different mediums; explain polarization states; distinguish between single and multimode fibers from their specifications; identify major dispersion/distortion mechanisms; describe dispersion compensating as well as dispersion flattening approaches in fibers; find the approximate digital bit rate a given fiber can transmit for given length using deterministic dispersion calculations (Light Wave Propagation and Optical Fiber).

2.       Describe the fundamental physics behind semiconductor light emission process. Differentiate between spontaneous and stimulated photon emissions; understand direct and indirect band gap materials, list the properties of stimulated emission; explain optical and electrical bandwidths; calculate key parameters of Lasers and LEDs; explain direct and external modulation (Optical Sources).

3.       Describe the basic light detection process; PIN and APD diode principles; quantum efficiency; different noise processes and signal dependent noise; the advantage of having gain before/after thermal noise; speed and capacitance of receiver front end, signal to noise ratio and BER (Optical Receivers).

4.       Perform design calculations of a point to point digital fiber optic link; fiber star network and or fiber bus network to achieve specified targets such as, fiber length BER and bit rate. Improve a link design by addressing the most severe limitation (Link/Network Design).

5.       Explain basic fiber networks such as SONET, BLSR and UPSR; protection schemes; WDM concept and basic multiple access techniques; passive optical networks (PON).

6.       Describe the basic radio over fiber systems, integration of fiber and wireless communication systems; issues with radio over fiber systems and cumulating noise. Able to perform basic radio cell size calculations for a given fiber length and bandwidth based power budget calculations.

 

2.3                Topics to be covered

Chap.

Sections

Hours/Weeks

Topic, description

Introduction, Wave basics (Ch1, 2); Visible Light Communications

1.1-1.3, 2.2

3/1

Overview of Optical Fiber Communications;

Basic Optical Laws and Definitions (Sec 2.2)

Optical Fibers (Ch2)

2.3.1-2.3.4, 2.4.1-2.4.2, 2.5, 2.6

4 .5/2-3

Optical fiber modes and configurations (Sec 2.3) Mode Theory (Sec. 2.41, 2.4.2)

Single Mode Fibers (2.5)

Graded Index Fibers (2.6)

Signal Degradation in Optical Fibers (Ch3)

3.1, 3.2, 3.5

4.5 /3-4

Attenuation (3.1)

Wave guide Distortion (3.2)

Design Optimization (3.5)

Optical Sources (Ch4)

4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5

6 / 5-6

LED (4.2), Laser Diode (4.3)

Linearity (4.4), Noise (4.5)

 

Photo detectors and Receivers (Ch6, 7)

6.1-6.3, 6.7,

7.1, 7.2

 

6 / 7-8

Overview of Physical Principles (6.1)

Noise (6.2), Response Time (6.3)

Comparisons (6.7), Digital Receivers

Digital Transmission Systems (Ch8)

12.5, 12.7, 12.8, 12.12

6 /9-10

Point to Point Links (8.1), Power Budget (8.1.2), Rise Time Limit (8.1.3), Line Coding (8.2)

Optical Networks and WDM

(Ch10, 12)

 

10.1-2,

12.1-12.4

4.5/10-11

WDM Concepts and Components, Optical Networks, SONET, BLSR, UPSR, Broadcast and Select WDM Networks

*Radio over Fiber

(*Ch3)

3.1-3.6

4.5/11-12

Fiber wireless systems, losses and gains, power budget calculations, optical, electrical and cumulative SNRs

 

2.4                Texts and Reading Lists

Optical Fiber Communications, Gerd Keiser, McGraw-Hill Higher Education 4/e or 3/e

Radio over Fiber for Wireless Communications, Xavier Fernando, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2014

Various publications from IEEE, Society of Photonic and Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

 

2.5                Teaching Methodology

Main form of information delivery will be through Zoom teleconferencing. Students will also be researching on a topic of their interest and write a term paper (self-learning).

 

3.           Expectations / Requirements of the Students

Students will also be researching on a topic of their interest and write a term paper. Students are requested to frequently visit the course website and D2L page to check for the course announcements, postings and to participate in the e-mail discussions.

3.1                Assignments / tests / exams and other work and weighting of each

(Include late submissions penalties, if applicable)

 

No.

Title

Individual/group

Value

 

Detail

1

Midterm Examination

Individual

20%

Done over D2L

1

Quizzes

Individual

20%

Done over D2L

2

Final Examination

Individual

25%

Done over D2L

3

Project Proposal

Group

5 %

Students will provide a one-page project proposal within 3 weeks of the first class.

4.

Project Presentation

Group

10%

Students will make an oral presentation of their course project towards the end of the Semester.

5.

Term Paper

Group

20%

Students will submit a 4-5 page paper on their course project.

 

 

In the event of a medical problem please advise the instructors as soon as possible. Any request for an extension for medical reasons must include an official Ryerson medical certificate within 3 days of the beginning of the illness. All students are expected to take note of the university policies for academic integrity.

 

3.2         Posting of Grades

(Describe how will grades be posted and be mindful of the confidentiality. Indicate the approximate timeline of providing grades and feedback. E.g. The instructor will aim to provide grades and feedback on assignments within 2 weeks of submission.)

 

3.3         Course Schedule and Deadlines

 

Week No

 

 

Week

 

 

Topic

 

Assignment,

Project Issued/Due

04

Sept 24

Picked by students

Project proposal due

06

October 19

First half of the syllabus

Midterm exam

12

Nov 30

Respective project topics

Project presentation

Note – Any changes and additions to this schedule will be communicated in class and posted on D2L site.

 

3.4         Other Expectations and Requirements

The term paper shall confirm the format given at http://www.ee.ryerson.ca/~courses/ee8114/formatting.html

 

Plagiarism: Reproducing other's work or idea without proper citation is defined as plagiarism. If your work found to have plagiarized material, you will get zero marks for the work. If the offence is serious, then it may be reported to the academic council as an academic misconduct.

 

Note: Significant portion of research is studying what others have done. Then an attempt is made enhance the work by adding more. Therefore, a well-written paper should clearly mention relevant previous work and clarify what is done new.

 

4.           Variations within a Course

There will be no variations. All the students will follow the same guidelines.

 

5. University and School of Graduate Studies Academic Policies

For information on academic policies pertaining to issues such as course management, grading practices, and appeals, students are to refer to the Ryerson Senate Policies: Policy 142 – Graduate Admission and Studies, Policy 151 – Graduate Course Management, and Policy 152 – Graduate Student Academic Considerations and Appeals[1]

 

6.           Student Email Accounts

The University has initiated a policy by which all students are required to have a Ryerson University email account.  Students will be requested to activate their account at the start of the academic year and all notices and announcements of an official nature will be sent via this account.

 

 

7.                   Student Accommodations

Students are required to immediately inform their instructors of any situation which arises during the semester, which may have an adverse effect upon their academic performance, and must request any considerations and accommodations according to the relevant policies and well in advance.  Failure to do so will jeopardize any academic appeals.

 

8.                   Academic Integrity and Plagiarism

 

Ryerson’s Policy 60 - Academic Integrity policy, applies to all students at the University.  The policy and its procedures are triggered in the event that the there is a suspicion that a student has engaged in a form of academic misconduct. 

 

Forms of academic misconduct include plagiarism, cheating, supplying false information to the University, and other acts.  The most common form of academic misconduct is plagiarism.  Plagiarism is a serious academic offence and penalties can be severe.  In any academic exercise, plagiarism occurs when one offers as one’s own work the words, data, ideas, arguments, calculations, designs or productions of another without appropriate attribution or when one allows one’s work to be copied.

 

All academic work must be submitted using the citation style approved by the instructor. Students may refer to the Ryerson Library’s list of Citations and Style Guides for more information.

 

It is assumed that all examinations and work submitted for evaluation and course credit will be the product of individual effort, except in the case of group projects arranged for and approved by the course instructor.  Submitting the same work to more than one course, without instructor approval, is also considered a form of plagiarism. 

 

Students are advised that suspicions of academic misconduct may be referred to the Academic Integrity Office (AIO).  Students who are found to have committed academic misconduct will have a Disciplinary Notation (DN) placed on their academic record (not on their transcript) and will be assigned one or more of the following penalties:

·       A grade reduction for the work, include a grade of zero for the work.

·       A grade reduction in the course greater than a zero on the work.  (Note that this penalty can only be applied to course components worth 10% or less, that any additional penalty cannot exceed 10% of the final course grade, and that information explaining that such a penalty will be assigned must be included on the course outline.) 

·       An F in the course

·       More serious penalties up to and including expulsion from the University

 

For more detailed information on these issues, please refer to the full online text for the Ryerson Senate Policy 60: Academic Integrity. For more information on how to avoid academic misconduct situations, for clues and tips, visit the Academic Integrity website.

 

10.         Date of Issue

The date of issue of this Course outline is 23 August 2021 .

 

 



[1] Revised Policy 152 in effect as of September 1st, 2017.